生物脫硫法
Biological desulfurization
生物脫硫法主要是通過培育出針對(duì)含硫化合物的菌類，與煤中含硫化合物發(fā)生生物化學(xué)反應(yīng)使其氧化，再通過酸洗、過濾等方法實(shí)現(xiàn)煤中硫的脫除。目前煤的生物法脫硫主要有生物浸出法和表面處理法。生物浸出法裝置簡單，針對(duì)性強(qiáng)及對(duì)煤中有機(jī)質(zhì)破壞小，但處理時(shí)間較長，廢液處理不及時(shí)容易造成二次污染。微生物表面處理法是把煤粉碎成微粒與水進(jìn)行混合，在其下面吹進(jìn)微細(xì)泡，煤和黃鐵礦表面都附著氣泡。將微生物加入到水溶液中，由于微生物附著與黃鐵礦表面使其由疏水性變?yōu)橛H水性，而煤粒表面仍保持其疏水性的特點(diǎn)。從而利用浮選柱使其分離，顯著縮短脫硫時(shí)間。針對(duì)煤中不同形態(tài)硫的脫除，需要不同種類的微生物菌種，而且生物法僅能脫除一定的有機(jī)硫。另外，考慮到微生物菌種的選擇性及有效性，反應(yīng)器類型，脫硫工藝穩(wěn)定性，脫硫周期等因素，目前還無法在工業(yè)實(shí)際生產(chǎn)過程中應(yīng)用微生物技術(shù)對(duì)煤中硫進(jìn)行脫除。
The biological desulfurization method is mainly to cultivate bacteria for sulfur-containing compounds, make them oxidized by biochemical reaction with sulfur-containing compounds in coal, and then remove sulfur from coal by acid washing, filtration and other methods. At present, biological desulfurization of coal mainly includes bioleaching and surface treatment. The bioleaching method has the advantages of simple device, strong pertinence and little damage to the organic matter in the coal, but the treatment time is long, and the waste liquid treatment is not timely, which is easy to cause secondary pollution. Microbial surface treatment method is to crush coal into particles and mix them with water, and blow micro bubbles under them. Bubbles are attached to the surface of coal and pyrite. When microorganisms are added to the aqueous solution, the hydrophobicity of pyrite changes to hydrophilicity due to the attachment of microorganisms to the surface of pyrite, while the surface of coal particles still maintains its hydrophobicity. Thus, the flotation column is used to separate them, and the desulfurization time is significantly shortened. For the removal of different forms of sulfur in coal, different kinds of microbial strains are required, and the biological method can only remove a certain amount of organic sulfur. In addition, considering the selectivity and effectiveness of microbial strains, reactor type, desulfurization process stability, desulfurization cycle and other factors, it is not possible to apply microbial technology to remove sulfur from coal in the actual industrial production process.
對(duì)于高硫煉焦煤，物理脫硫方法僅能脫除煤中無機(jī)硫，化學(xué)、生物等方法雖能脫除煤中部分有機(jī)硫，但有機(jī)硫伴生于煤的整個(gè)有機(jī)體中，這類方法在對(duì)煤中有機(jī)硫進(jìn)行脫除的過程中不可避免地改變煤的有機(jī)化學(xué)結(jié)構(gòu)，從而破壞煉焦煤的黏結(jié)性和結(jié)焦性，對(duì)煉焦得到的焦炭質(zhì)量和強(qiáng)度造成不利影響。在熱轉(zhuǎn)化過程中調(diào)控硫的變遷行為，使硫更多的隨揮發(fā)分釋放，減少硫在焦中的滯留，降低焦中硫含量，成為合理利用高硫煉焦煤，增加煉焦配煤中高硫煤配比，降低配煤成本一行之有效的方法。
For high sulfur coking coal, physical desulfurization method can only remove inorganic sulfur from coal. Although chemical and biological methods can remove some organic sulfur from coal, organic sulfur is associated with the whole organism of coal. Such methods inevitably change the organic chemical structure of coal in the process of removing organic sulfur from coal, thus destroying the adhesion and coking of coking coal, and adversely affecting the quality and strength of coking coke. In the process of thermal conversion, the changing behavior of sulfur is regulated to make more sulfur release with volatile matter, reduce the retention of sulfur in coke, and reduce the sulfur content in coke. It has become an effective method to make rational use of high sulfur coking coal, increase the proportion of high sulfur coal in coking coal blending, and reduce the cost of coal blending.
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2022-06-20
